If a patient has symptoms suggested malignant mesothelioma, a doctor starts with imaging techniques to confirm the diagnosis. X-rays and CT of the chest or abdomen are taken at any abnormalities, such as water retention, detect thickening of the tissue, or growths, which may indicate an underlying disease. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or positron emission tomography (PET) images are taken to determine the extent of tumor spread, PET is the most expensive, but alsoaccurate. Information from scanning is used to plan appropriate treatment.
Once a suspicion of cancer, a biopsy is needed to confirm the diagnosis. When the pleura or tissue along the chest and lungs are involved, a thoracoscopy is performed, usually under local anesthesia. A small opening in the chest wall and an instrument called a scope of the chest through which the surgeon can see inside the breast to be inserted between the ribs. Tissues and fluids can be raised by thisOpening. The same applies if the peritoneum or tissue lining the abdominal cavity and abdominal organs is involved, is a peritoneoscope introduced into the abdomen to collect a tissue biopsy. The biopsy tissue is then examined under a microscope to determine whether cells are normal or cancer. Depending on the cell type, the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma can be made. epithelioid malignant mesothelioma are three types of cells: mixed and sarcomatoid. Generallyepithelioid malignant mesothelioma are the most common and carry the best prognosis; sarcomatoid rare are those with the shortest survival time.
The next step is localized cancer, recurrent or advanced. This can be done through a combination of imaging and surgical exploration. There are three staging systems in use, each with four stages: the Butchart System, the TNM system and the Brigham System.
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